Readmission rates of patients with COVID-19 after hospital discharge.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to inspect return and readmission reasons and rates of discharged patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: This is an observational descriptive retrospective study that was conducted with patients who had confirmed COVID-19 diagnosed with severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and hospitalized between April 2020 and June 2021 in a tertiary care university hospital. Patients returning to the hospital after treatment for COVID-19, with symptoms related to COVID-19 within 30 days, were included. Patients under 18 years of age and who were hospitalized in the intensive care unit were excluded. RESULTS: It was determined that of 369 discharged patients, 87 (23.5%) returned to the hospital, 9 (2.4%) were readmitted, and 1 (0.02%) was deceased within 30 days. The most frequent reasons for returning to the hospital were dyspnea and cough complaints. Existence of pneumonia at first admission, levels of aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, neutrophil counts, lymphocyte counts, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte count ratios were found to be higher in patients who returned to hospital, compared with the patients who did not return. CONCLUSIONS: Return rate of patients to hospital after discharge with COVID-19 was comparatively high, but readmissions to hospital and mortality rate were low. Comparatively, the higher rate of return to hospital within 30 days of discharge was thought to be resulting from prolonged signs and symptoms related to COVID-19. Since COVID-19 is a new and enigmatic disease and its long-term effects still need to be elucidated, long-term follow-ups of discharged patients will be adequate.

Long-term proton pump inhibitor use is a risk factor for mortality in patients hospitalized for COVID-19

Background and aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the long-term (≥4 weeks) use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) is a risk factor for intubation requirement and mortality in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. Materials and methods: In this multicentric retrospective study, a total of 382 adult patients (≥18 years of age) with confirmed COVID-19 who were hospitalized for treatment were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups according to the periods during which they used PPIs: the first group included patients who were not on PPI treatment, and the second group included those who have used PPIs for more than 4 weeks. Results: The study participants were grouped according to their PPI usage history over the last 6 months. In total, 291 patients did not use any type of PPI over the last 6 months, and 91 patients used PPIs for more than 4 weeks. Older age (HR: 1.047, 95% CI: 1.026­1.068), current smoking (HR: 2.590, 95% CI: 1.334­5.025), and PPI therapy for more than 4 weeks (HR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.06­2.41) were found to be independent risk factors for mortality. Conclusion: The results obtained in this study show that using PPIs for more than 4 weeks is associated with negative outcomes for patients with COVID-19. Patients receiving PPI therapy should be evaluated more carefully if they are hospitalized for COVID-19 treatment.